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Dairy Microbiology

 

Quality & Safety monitoring

Compiled by: - Mr. Abhay Pandey

 

Q:Number of kilograms of whole milk required to produce one kilogram of BOD = ------

A.9

 

Q:COD of the dairy effluent is determined

A.Colourimetrically

 

Q:In anaerobic digestion intermediate compounds are converted into

A.CO2 and methane

 

Q:Production of methane from fermentation intermediate compounds is accomplished by

A.Methanogenic bacteria

 

Q:The process undertaken characterize the risk public health and safety posed by food

A.Risk assessment

 

Q:The severity of the hazard is not usually life threatening, short duration, self limiting symptoms and can be severe discomfort is ranked as

AModerate

 

Q:product associated with higher risk of Listeria monocytogenes?

A.Moist cheese

 

Q:The pasteurization process eliminates all pathogenic bacteria found in raw milk, with the exception.................................

A.B. cereus

 

Q11:Recommended minimum sample size required for microbiological analysis of butter is

A.50 g

 

Q:Temperature recommended for storage and transport of ice cream and frozen dessert is

A.- 18ºC

 

Q:Reference test procedure used for enumeration of yeast and mould count in butter is

A.IS :5403-1999

 

Q:As per class 3 sampling plan of FSSAI regulation 2011 for microbiological parameters of milk and milk products, the maximum allowable number of defective sample units (c) is

A.2

 

Q:As per FSSAI regulation 2011, the number of sample units which must be examined from a lot ( n ) for microbiological analysis of milk and milk products is

A.5

 

Q:The major group of microorganisms present in raw milk is

A.Micrococci

 

Q:The commercial sterility of the milk or milk product is achieved by using

A.Sterilization

 

Q:The phase of butter which favours the growth of L. monocytogenes during storage

A.Water

 

Q:Pathogenic bacterium of major concern in sweetened condensed milk is

A.Staphylococcus aureus

 

Q:Common factor responsible for outbreaks of salmonellosis through milk powder is

A.Accumulation of dust particles infested with bird faeces

 

Q:The important source of Salmonella in ice cream is

A.Raw Egg

 

Q:Which dairy products is grouped under high risk

A.Soft cheese

 

Q:The S. aureus count in Khoa is

A. 50 / g

 

Q:Which level of biosafety has to be followed for working with Salmonella typhi?

A.II

 

Q:Which level of biosafety consists of multiple electronically secured airlocks?

A.III

 

Q:Which level of biosafety has to be followed for working with Haemorrhagic colitis?

A. IV

 

Q:Which materials can be used for cleaning of working table in microbiology lab?

A.NaOH

 

Q:Which of the biosafety level requires an ante-room in their passage way?

A.BSL III

 

Q:Selective media used for enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae count is

A.Violet red bile glucose agar

 

Q:The diseases caused by E. coli O157: H7 is

A.Haemolytic uremic syndrome

 

Q:Which organism indicates the faecal contamination of milk?

A.E. coli

 

Q: Expand PALCAM

A.Polymyxin B acriflavin lithium chloride ceftazidime aesculin mannitol

 

Q: process indicator?

A.Coliform

 

Q:The reagent used for detection of indole during enzymatic hydrolysis of Tryptophan by E. coli is

A.Kovac’s reagent

 

Q:The selective agent is present in violet red bile agar used for enumeration of coliform

A.Crystal violet

 

Q:On which agar medium is H2S production tested?

A.TSI

 

Q:Which organism can be detected using Deoxycholate agar?

A.Shigella spp.

 

Q:The colony characteristic color of Salmonella on RAMBACH Agar (Chromogenic media) is

A.Red color

 

Q:The enzyme not produced by Salmonella is

A.Urease

 

Q:The fermentation of the sugar by L. monocytogenes differentiates it from other Listeria species

A.Rhamnose

 

Q:Expand PALCAM

A.Polymyxin B-acriflavin-lithium chloride-ceftazidime-aesculin mannitol

 

Q:Henry illuminator used for the detection of

A.Listeria monocytogenes

 

Q:The colony charecteristics of L. monocytogenes on PALCAM agar is

A.grey-green colonies with a black precipitate

 

Q:Selective medium used for enumeration of Staphylococcus aureus is

A. Baird-Parker agar

 

Q:Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to salt at a salt concentration of

A.7.5%

 

Q:The test indicates the possible presence of pathogenic S. aureus

A.coagulase

 

Q: ---------- test shows colour changes with pink zone or almost colourless on media containing toluidine blue and methyl green for pathogenic S. aureus.

A.DNAse

 

Q:The pathogenic S. aureus can also presumptively be differentiated by exploiting the fact that they metabolize -------------- to form acid.

A.mannose

 

Q:The component is selective for enumeration of Bacillus cereus in a selective medium

A.Polymyxin

 

Q:The selective medium used for detection of Clostridium perfringens is

A.Tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar

 

Q:Opaque white zones surrounding the black colonies of C. perfringens on TSC agar are due to

A.Lecithinase activity with sulphite reduction

 

Q:The botulinum toxin produced by Clostridium botulinum is highly effective on

A.Central nervous system

 

Q:Colony characteristics of Bacillus cereus on MYP agar medium include

A.Pink colour with zone of opalescence

 

Q:Quantity of milk used for making Breed smear in DMC tests is

A.0.01ml

 

Q:The method that depends on fluorescent microscopy

A.Bactoscan

 

Q:Which chemical is used to treat milk in DEFT

A.Trypsin

 

Q:The colony count method that does not use pipettes and dilution bottles?

A.Plate loop method

 

Q:Which organism/s can be detected by Limulus Lysate test

A.Gram negative

 

Q:Maximum residual limit (MRL) has been recommended by codex in milk for a bita- lactam antibiotic residues in milk is

A.4ppb

 

Q:IDF microbial inhibitory test used for detection of antibiotic residues in milk uses a

A.Bacillus stearothermophilus var. Calidolactsi

 

Q:Penzymes test is based on the principle of inhibition of enzyme by Antibiotic residues is

A.DD-carboxypeptidases

 

Q:Maximum residual limit (MRL) has been recommended by FDA in milk for Aflatoxin M1 is

A.0.05 ppb

 

Q:Charm assay works on the principle of

A.Competitive RIA

 

Q:SPR stand of

A.Surface Plasmon resonance

 

Q:Important features of optical based biosensors is

A.Speed and reproducibility

 

Q:Lean Manufacturing (also called Toyota Production System, TPS) is a production system inspired by the Japanese concept of

A.5S process

 

Q:PDCA stand for

A.Plan Do Check Act

 

Q: ............................... requires SOP, or standard operating procedures will support and maintain the effort put forth in the first three steps of the 5S process.

A.Seiketsu or Standardizing

 

Q:Total productivity maintenance activity programme was first implemented in

A.Japan

 

Q:DMAIC stand for

A.Define, Measure, Analyse, Improve and Control

 

Q:Principal tool of a statistical QC system is

A.Control chart

 

Q:Statistical quality control is also referred as

A.Operational research

 

Q:p chart is one of the more useful attribute control charts and it is used for determining

A.Acceptability

 

Q:The amount of a specific attribute desired in the product is known as

A.Standard

 

Q:Where greater sensitivity in detecting small process changes is required the data can be plotted by use of

A.CUSUM chart

 

Q:For pasteurization of raw milk an ALOP was established against

A.Coxiella burnetii

 

Q:USA was the first country to introduce

A.Meat Inspection Act

 

Q:The major component under GHP which covers inclusion of ‘use-by date’ is

A.Control of the production and process

 

Q:All measures necessary to ensure the safety and wholesomeness of foodstuffs is defined as

A.Food hygiene

 

Q:The lipid which promotes the formation of acne caused by Propionibacterium acnes in adolescent is named as

A.Sebum

 

Q:The pathogen that enters the food through contact carriers of people through nasal cavity is

1:) Staphylococcus

 

Q:The efficacy of hand washing and drying against resident flora is

A.50%

 

Q:The concentration of alcohol used for disinfection of hands after washing with soap and water is

A.60%

 

Q:According to personnel hygiene monitoring, the excellent hygiene should have a count of

A.2000 cfu/ ml

 

Q:Recommended volume (ml) of diluents required for checking the hygiene status of milk bottles by using surface rinse method is

A.20

 

Q:The light produced during ATP bioluminescence assay is measured in terms of

A.RLU

 

Q:RODAC stand for

A.Replicate organisms direct agar contact

 

Q:According to recommendations of the ATP-bioluminescence equipment manufacturer, the equipment to be considered clean should have a RLU count of

1:) < 150

 

Q:--------------- is the chemical groups used to control rodents in dairy plant

A.Rodenticides

 

Q:Important source of Salmonella in skim milk powder plant is

A. Bird droppings

 

Q:The inter-governmental body that coordinates food standards at the international level is

A.Codex Alimentarius

 

Q:The standard which serves as a bench mark for comparison of national sanitary and phytosanitary measures is

A.Codex

 

Q:The preventive approach which helps industry for control of food safety risk is

A.HACCP

 

Q:FSSAI has been created for formulating and implementing

A.Science based standards

 

Q:ISO stands for

A.International Organisation for Standardisation

 

Q:Indian Food Safety Standard Act was established in

A.2006

 

Q:After liberalization of global trade, the concept of quality has changed to

A.Build quality into process\

 

Q:The operational techniques and activities that are used to satisfy quality requirements are referred as

A. Quality

 

Q:According to FSSAI, the responsibility for ensuring quality and safety in food products is entrusted to

A.Manufactures

 

Q:TRIPS stand for

A.Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights

 

Q:Appropriate level of protection is expressed in terms of

A. Reduction in current level of risk

 

Q:The process of weighing policy alternatives in consultation with all interested parties is known as

A.Risk management

 

Q:The interactive exchange of information and opinions throughout the risk analysis process concerning risk is called as

A.Risk communication

 

Q:The estimate associated with uncertainty of the occurrence and level of the pathogen in a specified portion of food at the time of consumption is called

A.Exposure assessment

 

Q:The approach which is considered to be general principle for food and feed safety policy is

A.Farm-to-fork

 

Q:A criterion which separates acceptability from unacceptability is

A. Critical limit

 

Q:HACCP stands for

A.Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point

 

Q:The role of HACCP is to identify hazards like

A.Physical

 

Q:............................... is used to determine the CCP in the HACCP system

A.Decision tree

 

Q:Number of principle involved in HACCP system

A. 7

 

Q:In HACCP, specific corrective actions must be applied in case of......................

A.Deviation

 

 

 

References:

1.      ICAR E- course

2.      NDRI students class notes

3.      Previous year question papers


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